Abstract
This chapter focuses on the C I/O system and reviews its organization. The chapter presents the three main categories of I/O functions: stream, console, and low-level. I/O operations are one of the more important components of a program. After all, most programs usually need to read and write data to the screen, printer, keyboard, and disk storage. If one does not learn how to perform correct I/O operations, the programs will run inefficiently, and one might even lose valuable data. The I/O system is powerful because it is designed as a general purpose system. If one examines the I/O libraries, one will find functions for performing a wide assortment of tasks from reading and writing data files to sending characters to output devices such as printers and displays. The C I/O system is neatly organized into three categories: (1) the stream I/O system, (2) the console and port I/O system, and (3) the low-level I/O system.
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