Abstract
Phase-separated anaerobic digestion (AD) prevails over traditional single-phase AD in disposing of organic solid waste because of its ability to increase organic load and tackle acid crisis. However, its application is still restrained by the limited energy recovery from the additional tank compared to its extra energy consumption in the paradigm of stage separation. The status of phase-separated AD and various efforts to increase bioenergy recovery are reviewed. A great improvement on methane yield has been obtained by enhancing substrate decomposition by various means of pretreatment. Newly developed phase-separated AD processes based on the syntrophic cooperation between bacterial groups, such as harvesting CO2 and H2 by homoacetogenesis, in situ biogas upgrading by hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, and electrolysis-assisted AD by utilizing renewable energy, are comparatively summarized. These new developments enable phase-separated AD as a promising tool for future application.
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