Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses hypoglycaemic agents currently in clinical use. In addition, selected newer research entities that have been discussed in man or that appear to have therapeutic potential have been discussed. Present treatment of diabetes mellitus with oral hypoglycaemic agents partially fulfills the attempt to control blood glucose and the introduction of the high potency sulphonylureas has probably led to nothing more than incremental improvements in diabetic therapy. Newer methods of monitoring blood glucose control, such as measurements of glycosylated haemoglobins, may lead to better utilization of existing hypoglycaemic agents. It is conceivable that newer insights into the etiology of diabetes mellitus, such as the role of viral infections, communicability and hereditary factors, will provide alternative and/or preventative therapies. In addition, direct therapy of chronic complications may be possible—for example, by preventing excessive glycosylation of proteins, by preventing basement membrane thickening, or by preventing the formation of sorbitol with aldose reductase inhibitors.
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