Abstract

Publisher Summary Modern statistical-mechanical theories of liquids and dense fluids are based on the calculation of distribution functions, which describe the average structure of the system. The major theoretical question to be answered is given the intermolecular potential between the molecules in the system, what will the structure of the system be at a given thermodynamic state point. Usually it is assumed that the intermolecular potential is pair-wise additive, with the consequence that only the pair structure is needed to describe all the thermodynamic properties of interest. Although the assumption of pair-wise additivity is not valid at high densities and low temperatures, it proves to be a good approximation in most instances. Intermolecular pair potentials are frequently parameterized to take into account higher-order interactions. This chapter focuses on the integral-equation approach to determining the structure of a fluid and therefore its thermodynamic properties and equation of state.

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