Abstract
Fracture-vug carbonate reservoirs can be produced by natural and artificial energy. Natural energy mainly includes the elastic energy from reservoir fluid and rock and bottom water energy, which contributes to oil recovery of about 10% in the Tahe Oilfield. Artificial supplementary energy is commonly through water and gas injections which are the main technical means of improving recovery. In the Tahe Oilfield, a special water injection method based on spatial well network has been developed, well networks and injection–production patterns for different types of karst reservoir (surface, underground river, and fault control karst reservoirs), and the injection modes and injection–production parameters at different stages have been established. After understanding the residual oil distribution after water flooding, for the residual oil in the top of the cave, nitrogen injection technology was proposed to enhance oil recovery based on the mechanism of gravitational differentiation, and became the predominant development technology. In the development process, short radius sidetracking horizontal well and acidizing stimulation technologies have been developed. These technologies have been applied in the Tahe Oilfield and have demonstrated remarkable results.
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