Abstract
This paper presents a beam forming network using a three-input three-output Butler Matrix which is designed using the slot-coupled transition method. In this method, two sides of the substrate are stacked on top of each other, resulting in a compact size and a non-lossy structure. Unlike the conventional Butler Matrix, this design only requires hybrid couplers and phase shifters while circumvents the crossover structure. In the design of the Butler Matrix, three elliptical slot-coupled hybrids (ESH) with common ground plane are connected to the 0 degree, −90 degree and −180 degree phase shifters which produce the progressive output phase difference of 0 degree, −120 degree, and 120 degree, respectively. When the Butler Matrix with patch antenna array is fed with signals, three beams are created, pointing towards −4 degree, −36 degree, and 29 degree with the gains of 11 dBi, 9.19 dBi, and 11 dBi, respectively. The radiation pattern is generated from the antenna array factor, which derived from the consecutive output phases with λ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> /2 antenna spacing at 28 GHz. The system can be a platform for fifth generation (5G) wireless connectivity at millimeter wave.
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