Abstract
Abstract Remote operations of mobile machinery require reliable and flexible wireless communication. 5G networks will provide ultra-reliable and low latency wireless communications upon whichremote operations, real-time control and data acquisition can be implemented. In this paper we present a demonstration system and first experiments for remote mobile machinery control system utilizing 5G radio and a digital twin with a hardware-in-the-loop development system. Our experimental results indicate that with a suitable edge computing architecture an order of magnitude improvement in delay and jitter over exiting LTE infrastructure can be expected from future 5G networks.
Highlights
In this paper we present a demonstration system and first experiments for remote mobile machinery control system utilizing 5G radio and a digital twin with a hardware-in-theloop development system
Our goal has been the development of methods supporting remote operation of autonomous machines in different situations, including real-time and autonomous, semiautonomous, and manual remote control
In the following paragraphs we present two different remote control schemes and their applications: an open loop control application, where the remote device is controlled in a position/velocity control mode, and a closed loop control application, where the remote device is controlled in a force control mode with a haptic control device
Summary
Our goal has been the development of methods supporting remote operation of autonomous machines in different situations, including real-time and autonomous, semiautonomous, and manual remote control. High quality video feedback is essential, but haptic feedback improves further the user experience and reliability as it includes force feedback (providing kinesthetic information of force, torque, position, and velocity) and tactile feedback (providing information about surface texture and friction). In remote operation - haptic or based on video feedback only - the end-to-end delay is crucial. International Telecommunication Union - Radio-communication Sector (ITU-R) M.2083 has defined three usage scenarios for 5G, and one of them is ultra reliable (99.999%) and low latency (1 ms) communications, (URLLC) [1]; this is comparable to some humanmachine applications, where the sensations of sight and touch must have an end-to-end delay of 1 ms to avoid cyber sickness. Many of the topics discussed here are covered in more detail in [2, 3]
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