Abstract
The temperature dependence of piezoelectric properties of Nd and V co-substituted bismuth titanate ceramics, (Bi4-y,Ndy )1-(x/12)(Ti3-x,Vx)O12 [BNTV(x,y) (x = 0.01, y = 0.75), BNTV(0.01, 0.75)] ceramic was investigated for ceramic resonator applications, focusing on temperature dependences of resonance frequency, TC-f mechanical quality factors, Q m, and electrical quality factors, Qemax. The TC-f of random oriented BNTV(0.01, 0.75) in (33) mode was -77.4 ppm/degC, which value is a little large for the practical requirement of ceramic resonator. Effects of grain orientation in BNTV(0.01, 0.75) ceramic on the piezoelectric properties were also studied using the hot-forging (HF) method. The excellent piezoelectric properties of both high Qm (~2230) and Qemax (~37) were obtained in the HF-BNTV(0.01, 0.75) ceramic. Furthermore, the grain oriented one showed the smaller TC-f value of -59.7 ppm/degC. The HF-BNTV(0.01, 0.75) ceramic is considered to be superior candidates for lead-free piezoelectric application of ceramic resonators
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