Abstract
Aim The composition of the peripheral B cell compartment is increasingly identified as an important determinant for graft outcome. We aimed to phenotypically and functionally analyze the peripheral B cell compartment of kidney transplant recipients with and without acute rejection (AR) at various time-points. Methods We studied the peripheral B cell phenotype of kidney transplant recipients before transplantation, at discharge and at time of AR using flow cytometry. Furthermore, isolated CD19+ B cells were polyclonally activated and analyzed for immunoglobulin production by ELISPOT assays. The study was performed in 21 patients who experienced AR within the first 6 months and 22 patients without AR. Results Flow cytometric analysis revealed a significant decrease in peripheral memory B cells at time of AR before anti-rejection therapy (p Conclusions In conclusion, our data suggest that memory B cells may be involved in acute cellular kidney allograft rejection. These observations warrant more research into the exact phenotype of the graft infiltrating B cells during AR and their possible interaction with T cells.
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