587 Methadone and Morphine for Outpatient CO2 Laser Pain Management

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Burn reconstruction with CO2 laser is now very popular. Providing adequate analgesia is imperative for large total body surface area (TBSA) resurfacing. CO2 lasers’ cause significant pain during the procedure and pain similar to that of a severe sunburn post-operatively. Thus, adequate analgesia that provides peri-operative and post discharge management without delaying discharge is beneficial. At our institution, we use a multimodal analgesic preoperative and intra-operative approach to deal with this issue. The preoperative intervention utilizes a novel approach of oral methadone for older children and avoids the use of intra-operative morphine as a preemptive measure for pain management. The purpose of this outcomes review was to determine if our peri-operative analgesic practices were effective in controlling peri-operative pain. Methods After corporate IRB review, this project was undertaken as a quality improvement initiative and was not formally supervised by an institutional review board. A chart review of all patients who received CO2 laser treatment (CLT) was conducted. Using a Donabedian model for outcomes measure, postoperative and pre-discharge observational pain scores (scale 1–10), peri-operative analgesics, demographics, percent burn treated, incidents of rescue medication before discharge home, time to discharge and adverse reactions were collected. Results 74 patients were reviewed (47 male, 27 female), ages 4 to 30, average age 17. Average percent body surface area treated was 17.5%. Out of 74 cases, 18 received intra-operative morphine and 56 received oral methadone pre-operatively. All patients received routine intra-operative ketorolac and lidocaine/prilocaine cream, based on weight. In the PACU there were 2 recorded rescue doses of morphine in the morphine group and 0 in the methadone group. There was one post- operative recorded observational pain score of 5 in the methadone group and one each of 3 and 8 in the morphine group, both of which received rescue morphine. There were no differences in mean times to discharge between groups. Observational pain scores were 0 for both groups at discharge. Chi square analysis showed no statistical difference between groups. No adverse outcomes (respiratory arrest or readmission for pain) were recorded in either group. Conclusions Both pre-operative oral methadone and intra-operative morphine are effective in controlling peri-operative pain in our children undergoing laser surgery. Categorical age differences and low group sizes may have contributed to outcomes and should be considered in the next review.