近55a巴里坤降水量与蒸发量变化

Abstract

为了研究哈密北部巴里坤哈萨克自治县一带的水分循环变化特征，利用巴里坤国家气象站1961~2015年降水量和蒸发量观测资料，采用线性回归、距平百分率、Mann-Kendall突变检验方法以及干燥度指数，对巴里坤降水量、蒸发量和干燥度进行了分析。结果表明：巴里坤年、季降水量和蒸发量年际变化明显；近55a年、季降水量呈增加趋势，其中年、春、夏、秋季的降水量增加趋势明显，冬季增加不明显，受此影响，近55a巴里坤气候总体趋于干旱向半干旱发展的趋势，其中2009~2015年降水量明显增加，蒸发量明显减少，气候处于相对湿润期。 In order to investigate the characteristics of the hydrological cycles in the Balikun Kazak auto-nomous county, north Hami area, the data of the precipitation and evaporation during 1961-2015 collected from the National basic meteorological station in the Balikun have been analyzed ac-cording to the linear regression, anomaly percentage, Mann-Kendall mutation test and index of dryness. The result indicates that during the past 55 years, the changes of the annual, seasonal precipitation and evaporation respectively are obvious. The trends of the annual and seasonal precipitations increased strongly, however in winter (December, January and February) the pre-cipitation kept stable. So, the climate at the Balikun is experiencing the turnover from the arid to semi-arid. Especially, during the 2009-2015, the precipitation increased obviously with the eva-poration decrease, the climate belonged at a relatively humid period.