Abstract
Causal variants are enriched in functional non-coding regions of the genome, where it is hypothesised that they influence regulation of gene expression. Histone modifications are thought to mark many noncoding functional regions. Additionally, the height of some histone modification peaks has been found to be correlated with nearby gene expression, demonstrating a potential causal relationship between the two. Therefore, SNP which associate with differences in gene expression and with differences in peak height could be strong candidate causal variants. We found that QTL for peak height for three histone modifications (H3K4Me1, H3K4Me3 and H3K27ac) in ~100 mammary samples in dairy cows overlapped substantially with QTL for gene expression in ~400 mammary samples, thus identifying putative regulatory variants in the bovine genome.
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