Abstract
IntroductionMoving evidence-based practices into the hands of practitioners requires the synthesis and translation of research literature. However, the growing pace of scientific publications across disciplines makes it increasingly difficult to stay abreast of research literature. Natural language processing (NLP) methods are emerging as a valuable strategy for conducting content analyses of academic literature. We sought to apply NLP to identify publication trends in the journal Implementation Science, including key topic clusters and the distribution of topics over time. A parallel study objective was to demonstrate how NLP can be used in research synthesis.MethodsWe examined 1711 Implementation Science abstracts published from February 22, 2006, to October 1, 2020. We retrieved the study data using PubMed’s Application Programming Interface (API) to assemble a database. Following standard preprocessing steps, we use topic modeling with Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to cluster the abstracts following a minimization algorithm.ResultsWe examined 30 topics and computed topic model statistics of quality. Analyses revealed that published articles largely reflect (i) characteristics of research, or (ii) domains of practice. Emergent topic clusters encompassed key terms both salient and common to implementation science. HIV and stroke represent the most commonly published clinical areas. Systematic reviews have grown in topic prominence and coherence, whereas articles pertaining to knowledge translation (KT) have dropped in prominence since 2013. Articles on HIV and implementation effectiveness have increased in topic exclusivity over time.DiscussionWe demonstrated how NLP can be used as a synthesis and translation method to identify trends and topics across a large number of (over 1700) articles. With applicability to a variety of research domains, NLP is a promising approach to accelerate the dissemination and uptake of research literature. For future research in implementation science, we encourage the inclusion of more equity-focused studies to expand the impact of implementation science on disadvantaged communities.
Highlights
Moving evidence-based practices into the hands of practitioners requires the synthesis and translation of research literature
Systematic reviews have grown in topic prominence and coherence, whereas articles pertaining to knowledge translation (KT) have dropped in prominence since 2013
We demonstrated how Natural language processing (NLP) can be used as a synthesis and translation method to identify trends and topics across a large number of articles
Summary
Moving evidence-based practices into the hands of practitioners requires the synthesis and translation of research literature. The classic implementations science axiom says that it takes an average of 17 years for evidence-based practices (EBPs) to be routinized in real-world settings [1,2,3]. This statistic has become so commonplace that it is almost an implementation science shibboleth. Making the first leap from research to community-based trials and the bigger jump into routine use is laborious and complex. Addressing this challenge is the central purpose of the field [4]. This article hones in on synthesis and translation activities through examining trends in the publication of implementation research
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