527 FRAILTY AND MULTIMORBIDITY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES: A UK BIOBANK ANALYSIS

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Frailty and multimorbidity are common in type 2 diabetes (T2D), including people <65 years. Guidelines recommend adjustment of treatment targets in people with frailty or multimorbidity, however guidelines do not differentiate these two related states. It is unclear how recommendations to adjust treatment targets in people with frailty or multimorbidity should be applied to different ages. It is also not known if the relationship between HbA1c and outcomes is similar in people with and without frailty. We assess implications of frailty/multimorbidity in middle/older-aged people with T2D. Methods Analysis of UK Biobank participants (n = 20,566) with T2D aged 40-72 years comparing two frailty measures (frailty phenotype and frailty index) and two multimorbidity measures (Charlson comorbidity index and a simply count of 40 long-term conditions (LTCs)). Outomes: mortality (all-cause, cardiovascular- and cancer-related mortality), Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event (MACE), hospitalization with hypoglycaemia or fall/fracture. Results Measure choice influenced the population identified: 42% of participants were identified as frail/multimorbid by at least one measure; only 2.2% were identified by all four measures. Both frailty and multimorbidity, by all measures, were prevalent throughout the age range studied. Each measure was associated with mortality, MACE, hypoglycaemia and falls. The absolute 5-year mortality risk was higher in older versus younger participants with a given level of frailty (e.g. 1.9%, and 9.9% in men aged 45 and 65, respectively, using frailty phenotype) or multimorbidity (e.g. 1.3%, and 7.8% in men with 4 LTCs aged 45 and 65, respectively). Using frailty phenotype, the relationship between higher HbA1c and mortality was stronger in frail compared with pre-frail or robust participants. Conclusion Assessment of frailty/multimorbidity should be embedded within routine management of middle-aged and older people with T2D. Method of identification as well as features such as age impact baseline risk and should influence clinical decisions (e.g. glycaemic control).