Abstract
Receding contact angles foi liquid sodium on iron, cobalt, and nickel surfaces in a pure argon atmosphere were studied as a function of time and temperature. All observations can be correlated on the basis that the changes in contact angle reflect the reduction, by sodium, of the invisible oxide film present on the transition-metal surfaces after abrasion to a mirror surface in air. Nickel carries only one oxide, irrespective of temperature, and wetting rates vary uniformly with temperature. The oxide films on iron and cobalt change at about 225 deg and 250 to 300 deg , respectively, and wetting rates also change abruptly at these temperatures. Each metal possesses a critical wetting temperature (Fe 140 deg , Co 190 deg , Ni 195 deg ) below whlch no wetting occurs, and below which it is believed that no reduction of the oxide film is possible. Addition of small quantities of calcium (> 0.07%) or barium to liquid sodium influences wetting rates profoundly. (auth)
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