5・6歳ろう幼児の遊戯集団に試みた実験的研究 「集団最上位に位する者」について

Abstract

In the preparatory experiments, the author found that the physical strength of the deaf and hearing bullies over their fellows did not differ greatly and that the deaf bully was not always physically stronger than his fellows.Experiments 1 and 2 were conducted during ten minutes of free play. Control groups consisted of hearing children of the same age. Groups were formed each consisting of a bully and three fellows. During the first five minutes (period “a”) all of the children in the group played together. At the end of the period “a” the bully was removed from the group, and the fellows continued to play during the following five minutes (period “b”). The author measured the degree of social participation in periods “a” and “b” with Parten's Social Participation Scale. In period “a” the experimental group had a lower degree of social participation than in period “b”. The control group showed the opposite tendency in comparison with the experimental group. Namely, in periods “a” they had a higher degree of social participation than in periods “b”.From these results, the author supposed that the bullies of the deaf group have somewhat more destructive tendencies compared with the bullies of the hearing group.In Experiments 3, 4, 5 and 6 the author observed the reactions of the fellows against the destructive acts of the bullies. Though the hearing fellows often showed the verbal objections against the bullies, the deaf fellows never manifested such objections, and often submitted themselves to the bullying expressionlessly.Experiments 7 and 8 failed.In Experiment 9, the author used the hearing groups only. He put a record on the grarnophone and played it very loudly and disturbed their mutual communications during their free play, and he measured the degree of social participation of their groups. The results of this experiment were fairly similar to the results of the experimental groups in Experiments 1-6.Based on such results, the author supposed that the destructiveness of the deaf bullies resulted largely from the inferior ability for communication among deaf children.