Abstract
When patients are irradiated by ionization radiation knowing about the quality and quality, radiation is scattered and absorbed within the patient's body. As a result, the quality and quality will change. We can not measure directly these alternations in the patient's body. In radiation measurement, we need to use the most suitable equivalent tissue fot this purpose. The phantom is of a tissue substiute which absorbs and scatters radiation the same as the body. Now, it is not in existence the phantom that can substitute about qualities and kinds of radiation. For the phantom is a tissue equivalent, physical quantities of mass attenuation coefficient, mass energy absorption coefficient, electron mass stopping power, electron mass angular scattering power and mass density are of the same as body. Especially, regarding phantom for radiotherapy of photon and electron beams, we studied about specifications of equivalence, modality, composition of human tissue, formulation techniques, basic interaction data, requirement condition and care regarding use.
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