Abstract
Orphanhood among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been associated with adverse physical and mental health and social consequences such as truncation of education and child marriage. Orphanhood increased dramatically in the 1980s and 1990s in Uganda and elsewhere in SSA due to HIV-related mortality among parents. In Rakai, Uganda, orphanhood declined dramatically coinciding with widespread availability of combination HIV prevention interventions including antiretroviral therapy (ART) after 2004 and male medical circumcision (MMC) after 2007. We examined the contribution of combination HIV interventions to reductions in orphanhood among adolescents.
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