Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of patients with advanced and metastatic melanoma and led to prolonged overall survival. However, long-term treatment responses are still limited to few patients, where tumor-specific effector T cells at the tumor sites are considered predictors for treatment success. This raises the question of new treatment strategies. We were recently able to show in preclinical models, that targeted activation of melanoma-associated mast cells (MC) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces an effective anti-melanoma immune response in a TLR4-dependent manner.

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