Abstract
Diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides potentially unique information on prostatic tissue. DW MR imaging reflects the molecular diffusion of water caused by the random, microscopic translational motion of molecules known as Brownian motion. This imaging technique can provide image contrast that is independent of conventional MR imaging. DW imaging is easily performed in a short time span on recent MR scanners without additional hardware or software. The primary application of DW MR imaging has been in brain imaging, mainly for the evaluation of acute ischemic stroke, intracranial tumors, and demyelinating disease, because DW MR imaging is highly sensitive to gross physiological motion. MR imaging is widely used for determination of prostatic disease. On conventional T2W imaging, regions of prostate cancer show decreased signal intensity relative to normal peripheral zone tissue because of increased cell density and loss of prostatic ducts. In the evaluation of prostate cancer, DW MR imaging is a new functional imaging technique that will soon become more universally available to clinicians.
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