Abstract
4,4’-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (MBOCA) is a probable human carcinogen. Few studies have been performed regarding the genotoxicity of MBCOA, and the MBOCA metabolic pathway is not fully understood. We treated four-week-old ICR male mice weighing 25 - 30 g with MBOCA and observed the effects of MBOCA on the internal organs. It can be concluded that MBOCA is a carcinogen and also affects gene regulation. Oral or topical administration of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg MBOCA resulted in 56% - 81% of mice showing unusual inflammation, degeneration, and dysplasia in kidney, liver, stomach, intestine and urinary bladder based on histology. Furthermore, we investigated the association between oxidative DNA damage and MBOCA exposure by measuring plasma level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). The results showed that the MBOCA-treated mice had significantly higher 8-OHdG levels than the control mice. This study confirms that MBOCA is potentially carcinogenic and highly toxic to both animals and humans.
Highlights
4,4’-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (MBOCA) is an aromatic diamine used as a curing agent for polyurethane and epoxy resins
In a report on carcinogens, the National Toxicology Program reported that MBOCA might reasonably be anticipated to be a human carcinogen [7]; the US Environmental Protection Agency has no information on the chronic effects of MBOCA in humans [8]
The production of MBOCA in the United States ceased in 1982, it was first listed in the Third Annual Report on Carcinogens in 1983 [7], and MBOCA continues to be manufactured in other countries
Summary
4,4’-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (MBOCA) is an aromatic diamine used as a curing agent for polyurethane and epoxy resins. A sentinel case of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder was diagnosed in an MBOCA manufacturing factory in Taiwan in 2005 [10]. It remains unclear whether MBOCA causes malignancy. We collected the plasma from the mice to determine whether the MBOCA causes oxidative stress based on indicators, such as 8-OHdG. These results support the conclusion that MBOCA is a carcinogen and highly toxic to both animals and humans
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