Abstract
Gender predilection has been shown to be present in several liver diseases in adults, although the clinical presentation, disease progression, therapeutic response to medications, and long-term complications appear to be similar among men and women in the majority of the diseases. This chapter discusses liver diseases that are unique to women– namely, autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). AIH, a chronic liver disease, which is predominantly seen in young and middle-aged women, is immune-mediated and presents with distinct clinico-pathologic findings. PBC is a slowly progressive chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by its preponderance in women, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase with or without elevated aminotransferases, and the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) in the majority of patients. The chapter also discusses another commonly diagnosed chronic liver disease that was thought to be unique to women, namely nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), although data suggest that the reverse might be the case. This chapter also discusses the controversial issue of the effect of donor on graft survival in liver transplantation.
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