Abstract

PD-1 blockade alone in heavily treated MSS/pMMR mCRC patients (pts) is ineffective. PD-1 blockade combined with antiangiogenic therapy has synergistic effects and has shown clinical benefits in several clinical trials. We aim to explore the efficacy and safety of TKIs combined with PD-1 blockade in TKI-responsive pts with MSS/pMMR mCRC refractory to standard chemotherapy (±anti-VEGF/EGFR).

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