Abstract
Rejection of a transplanted heart by the recipient is the most common cause of death within 5 years in the pediatric orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) population. The gold standard for diagnosing rejection is direct pathologic analysis of endomyocardial biopsy samples (EMB). Current methods of hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry-based diagnosis are non-quantitative, subjective, have limited early prognostic value, and, in up to 20% of cases, do not correlate with clinical status.
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