412-P: Acute Hyperglycemia-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum and Oxidative Stress Increases Monocyte Cholesterol Content and Cytokine Secretion

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an inflammatory disorder enhanced by diabetes. The mechanisms by which recurrent acute hyperglycemia promotes inflammation and CVD are unclear. We showed that acute hyperglycemia mediates increased monocyte cholesterol uptake and cytokine release, but the underlying signaling pathways are unknown. We hypothesized that acute hyperglycemia-induced oxidative and ER stress in circulating monocytes increases cholesterol uptake and a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Methods: Circulating monocytes from 35 healthy subjects were isolated and exposed to euglycemic (5mM) or hyperglycemic (16.7 mM) conditions with or without inhibitors of ER stress (4 phenyl butyric acid) or oxidative stress (N-Acetyl cysteine) for 2 or 6 hrs to assess changes in LDL or oxLDL uptake and cytokine (TNF-α, IL1-β) release. Results: We found that acute hyperglycemia-induced ER and oxidative stress increased total and free cholesterol content via enhanced LDL (18% and 26%, p<0.05) and oxLDL (56% and 30%, p<0.05) uptake as a result of enhanced CD36 and LDL receptor expression. Conversely, inhibiting monocyte oxidative stress or ER stress attenuated monocyte LDL and oxLDL uptake. Finally, blocking monocyte ER stress decreased acute hyperglycemia-induced monocyte TNF-α (87% and 40%, p<0.05) and IL1-β (41% and 44%, p<0.05) secretion after 2 and 6 hrs. Conclusion: Recurrent acute hyperglycemia promotes inflammation by increasing monocyte ER and oxidative stress, which accelerates cholesterol uptake, cholesterol deposition, and cytokine secretion. Future studies are needed to test if acute hyperglycemia-induced monocyte cholesterol deposition is a mechanism to contribute to increased CVD in diabetes. Disclosure R.Zhang: Research Support; American Heart Association. J.Oh: None. G.A.Kutz: None. M.Bambouskova: None. A.S.Dusso: None. C.Bernal-mizrachi: None.