Abstract
This chapter analyzes when and why US advocacy in relation to its European counterparts has influenced the latter's positions and policies towards Turkey. It primarily traces the instances of US advocacy in Europe from the late 1980s, when Turkey started pursuing its membership of the European Community (EC), to the present. Between the late 1980s and the late 1990s, US advocacy had a noticeable positive impact on Europe and contributed significantly to stimulating Turkey's EU accession process. In the new millennium, however, Washington's ideational and discursive power in Europe progressively lost control. The chapter exhibits how Turkey's entry into the institutional framework of enlargement and the rise of right-wing politics in Europe have, for varying reasons, dramatically reduced the scope for direct US influence on Turkey–EU relations.
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