Abstract

The non-residency of bishops is very relevant. The picture becomes even more complicated by observing the series of bishops of Milan over the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. When investigating Milan before the time of Carlo Borromeo in detail, the wealth of spiritual experiences is tremendous. In Rome Borromeo had frequent contact with the Jesuits, particularly with Francisco Ribera. The reform instigated by Borromeo had peculiar characteristics. The entire structure of the Milanese church was reformulated based on Tridentine principles. In the Venetian territories, civil authority generally tended to subordinate ecclesiastical authority. However the Republic of Venice had not fulfilled 'hopes' of it becoming a gateway into Italy for the Reformation, explaining that the claims made against Rome did not signify any intention of breaking with the Papacy, which would have been a rather preposterous political choice in Italy at that time. Keywords: Carlo Borromeo; Francisco Ribera; Milanese church; Reformation; Republic of Venice; Rome; Tridentine principles

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