Abstract
This chapter describes the purification and crystallization of Staphylococcal Leukocidin. Staphylococcal Leukocidin, known to be important in the pathogenicity of certain staphylococcal diseases, consists of two protein components (S and F) that act synergistically to induce cytotoxic changes in human and rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes. These components when tested individually are not cytotoxic. The F and S components crystallize in the form of plates and needles, respectively. The amino-terminal residues of both components are alanine. Leukocidin activity is determined also by assaying for 86 Rb release from 86 Rb-labeled polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Similar data are obtained by examining morphological changes of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The terminal event in leukocidin action is cytoplasmic degranulation, rupture of nuclei, and complete cell lysis. The purified F and S components of leukocidin stored at –80° in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.2) containing 0.5% gelatin are stable for at least 3 months.
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