Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses diuretic drugs. It also discusses renal mechanisms that are affected by diuretic drugs. The chapter describes the evaluation of diuretic drugs. One essential step is the determination of the over-all toxicity of the new compound both in acute and in chronic experiments; another is the evaluation of its specific therapeutic effect, either in absolute terms or in comparison with a compound acting similarly. Toxicity tests of diuretics in animals are carried out according to well-established methods. The scheme adopted for the classification of diuretic drugs has taken into account the fact that individual diuretics may produce their effect in several ways. Moreover, diuretic drugs may act differently in the healthy and in the diseased subject. Diuretics fall into one of three main classes: (1) there are those that reduce sodium ion reabsorption by direct tubular action, (2) there are compounds that affect tubular sodium ion reabsorption indirectly, (3) and there are drugs that increase the filtered load of sodium chloride.
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