Abstract
Although in the present day fossil fuels account for over 80.3% of the primary energy consumed in the world, their inherent finitude renders them unreliable resources. Moreover, the threat of climate change associated with the rise in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the consequent concerns for the long-term environmental sustainability of the current economic model has contributed to the emergence of the idea that modern society should move toward a biobased circular economy following an imminent paradigm shift. Research on biofuels is part of this new model, taking into consideration economic, social, environmental, and policy issues that are at stake. In this chapter, we attempt to address this challenging task by trying to understand where we stand (both from a technological and economic point of view) on the way toward this paradigm shift, and how policy and regulation drivers impact on this transition toward a sustainable economy.
Published Version
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