Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) represents one of the most commonly performed spinal procedures in the U.S. Although in the vast majority of cases the outcome is excellent, occasionally serious complications may develop. The encountered complications include Horner syndrome, esophageal laceration, dural laceration, spinal cord contusion, additional radicular symptoms, wound hematoma, respiratory insufficiency, superficial wound infection, epidural abscess, graft displacement, vertebral artery laceration, pneumothorax, failure of fusion, seroma, recurrent nerve palsy, pharyngeal laceration, meningitis, worsening of myelopathy, transient myelopathy, nerve root lesion, epidural hematoma, instability, deep wound infection, aseptic spondylodiscitis, aneurysm formation, cerebrospinal fluid fistula, carotid artery or jugular vein injury, and angulation deformity.
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