4월 혁명 이후 최루탄 도입과 그 성격

Abstract

Since the April Revolution, police have faced strong urge to reform and purge. Urging of police reform and purge were concentrated on the intelligence police which were the main players of various evils during the Rhee Syngman regime, but were also raised against the police firing upon the protesting people during the April Revolution. However, the Chang Myon government tried to strengthen the police''s riot control ability to counter the unification movement with the United States from November 1960. The U.S. was deeply intervened in the police''s riot control training and the introduction of riot control equipment. In the process, tear gas was procured and riot control training using tear gas was promoted. The U.S. public safety advisors'' perception of tear gas was behind this process. Most of the public safety advisors in Korea have been veterans of police-related jobs for a long time in the United States since the 1930s. In the 1930s, the police reform movement emerged in the United States, and the modern police system was established, and in the process, a method of riot control using tear gas instead of live ammunition was widely used. Since then, tear gas has begun to use commonly in riot control as a “humanitarian” weapon that can suppress protests without bloodshed. The public safety advisors recommended the so-called “modernization” of riot control, which calls for the introduction of “humanitarian” methods using tear gas. In this process, the main weapon of police''s riot control has been turned into tear gas.