3He surface exposure dating and its implications for magma evolution in the Potrillo volcanic field, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico, USA

Abstract

Dating of very young igneous activity has been hampered by lack of suitable chronometers. We report here the results of 3He surface exposure dating ( Kurz, 1986a,b; Craig and Poreda, 1986) for lavas from the Potrillo volcanic field. This field is particularly suited to the technique because it has well-preserved, young (<700 ka) surfaces. The study applies 3He dating in a systematic manner to a well-characterized volcanic field and shows the power of the technique in deciphering both relative and absolute chronologies. Dates are reproducible to within 14% for different samples from the same surface and are similar to within 8% for samples which, based on field relations, represent synchronous events. Cosmogenic 3He 21Ne confirms that 3He is retained by the samples. Comparison of the relative chronology with compositional trends of the lavas suggests that eruptive centers within the volcanic field are fed by individual magma chambers. Ages range from 80 ka to 17 ka, consistent with estimates from geomorphology, soil profile development, and some K/Ar determinations.