Abstract
In order to supplement the limitations of the fifth-generation New Radio (5G NR) standard and to introduce the non-terrestrial network (NTN) smoothly, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) intends to define an NTN standard based on the 5G NR standard to integrate the terrestrial network (TN) and NTN specifications. In this article, the current situation for this standard movement is summarized, and a method of implementing terminal modem software to which it is applied is presented. Although it supports individual characteristics of TNs and NTNs, it is designed as an integrated terminal software structure to implement software that reflects characteristics that follow the specifications of the same base. For effective implementation, considerations in designing a terminal software structure and the advantages and disadvantages when designing an integrated terminal software structure are summarized, and actual design structures reflecting them are presented. In addition, the limitations of the current 3GPP terrestrial/non-terrestrial integrated standard are discussed, and global progress on future directions is summarized.
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