3D-Printed Connector for Revision Limb Salvage Surgery in Long Bones Previously Using Customized Implants

Jong-Woong Park,Hyun-Guy Kang,Han-Soo Kim,June-Hyuk Kim

doi:10.3390/met11050707

Jong-Woong Park, Hyun-Guy Kang + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/met11050707

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Abstract

In orthopedic oncology, revisional surgery due to mechanical failure or local recurrence is not uncommon following limb salvage surgery using an endoprosthesis. However, due to the lack of clinical experience in limb salvage surgery using 3D-printed custom-made implants, there have been no reports of revision limb salvage surgery using a 3D-printed implant. Herein, we present two cases of representative revision limb salvage surgeries that utilized another 3D-printed custom-made implant while retaining the previous 3D-printed custom-made implant. A 3D-printed connector implant was used to connect the previous 3D-printed implant to the proximal ulna of a 40-year-old man and to the femur of a 69-year-old woman. The connector bodies for the two junctions of the previous implant and the remaining host bone were designed for the most functional position or angle by twisting or tilting. Using the previous 3D-printed implant as a taper, the 3D-printed connector was used to encase the outside of the previous implant. The gap between the previous implant and the new one was subsequently filled with bone cement. For both the upper and lower extremities, the 3D-printed connector showed stable reconstruction and excellent functional outcomes (Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scores of 87% and 100%, respectively) in the short-term follow-up. To retain the previous 3D-printed implant during revision limb salvage surgery, an additional 3D-printed implant may be a feasible surgical option.

Highlights

Custom-made implants for limb salvage surgery pre-date modular implants; their extensive manufacturing duration remains a major drawback [1]
When a megaprosthesis is fabricated by 3D printing, it is often difficult to implement a modular-type; it is fabricated as a single mass
After limb salvage surgery using a megaprosthesis, revision surgeries are often required for a variety of reasons, including local recurrence and mechanical failure

Summary

Introduction

Custom-made implants for limb salvage surgery pre-date modular implants; their extensive manufacturing duration remains a major drawback [1]. Modular endoprostheses are the most commonly-used implants that have been used to overcome the disadvantages of early custom-made implants [1,2,3]. They can be used by orthopedic oncology surgeons to provide surgical flexibility, and standardization of the implant pieces facilitates manufacturing. Three-dimensional (3D)-printing has been introduced for medical applications, wherein custom-made implants can be fabricated in a few days or weeks These 3D-printed custom-made implants have shown promising short- and mid-term surgical outcomes in orthopedic oncology [4,5,6,7]

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