Abstract
The concept of an invisibility cloak is a fixture of science fiction, fantasy, and the collective imagination. However, a real device that can hide an object from sight in visible light from absolutely any viewpoint would be extremely challenging to build. The main obstacle to creating such a cloak is the coupling of the electromagnetic components of light, which would necessitate the use of complex materials with specific permittivity and permeability tensors. Previous cloaking solutions have involved circumventing this obstacle by functioning either in static (or quasistatic) fields where these electromagnetic components are uncoupled or in diffusive light scattering media where complex materials are not required. In this paper, concealing a large‐scale spherical object from human sight from three orthogonal directions is reported. This result is achieved by developing a 3D homogeneous polyhedral transformation and a spatially invariant refractive index discretization that considerably reduce the coupling of the electromagnetic components of visible light. This approach allows for a major simplification in the design of 3D invisibility cloaks, which can now be created at a large scale using homogeneous and isotropic materials.
Highlights
Most experiments to verify that objects can be made to disappear from plain sight have been restricted to 2D cloaks because 3D cloaks are challenging
In the regime of light diffusion, which leads to multiple light scattering, a 3D cloak can be achieved via the addition of diffusive shells.[18]
We achieve a 3D cloak for visible light by performing a 3D polyhedral transformation and using an approach involving a spatially invariant refractive index discretization
Summary
In this paper, concealing a large-scale spherical object from human sight from three orthogonal directions is reported This result is achieved by developing a 3D homogeneous polyhedral transformation and a spatially invariant refractive index discretization that considerably reduce the coupling of the electromagnetic components of visible light. This approach allows for a major simplification in the design of 3D invisibility cloaks, which can be created at a large scale using homogeneous and isotropic materials. Until now, a 3D cloak that functions for plain sight at optical frequencies had remained an unsolved problem
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