Abstract
Ultrasound imaging is used extensively in diagnosis and image-guidance for interventions of human diseases. However, conventional 2D ultrasound suffers from limitations since it can only provide 2D images of 3-dimensional structures in the body. Thus, measurement of organ size is variable, and guidance of interventions is limited, as the physician is required to mentally reconstruct the 3-dimensional anatomy using 2D views. Over the past 20 years, a number of 3-dimensional ultrasound imaging approaches have been developed. We have developed an approach that is based on a mechanical mechanism to move any conventional ultrasound transducer while 2D images are collected rapidly and reconstructed into a 3D image. In this presentation, 3D ultrasound imaging approaches will be described for use in image-guided interventions.
Highlights
Soon after the discovery of x-rays, physicians recognized the importance of using imaging to guide interventional procedures
Advances in 3D ultrasound (3D US) imaging technology have resulted in high quality 3D images of complex anatomical structures and pathology, which are used in diagnosis of disease and to guide interventional and surgical procedures [5,6,7,8,9]
The 3D US scanning system consists of: a hand-held electro-mechanical motor/encoder assem‐ bly to move a conventional 2D ultrasound (2D US) imaging transducer in a fan shaped, linear or hybrid motion to a maximum angular limit of 60 degrees and/or 30 mm linear extent to acquire a series of 2D US images; and, a PC equipped with a digital frame grabber and software components to control the motor assembly, acquire 2D images, reconstruct them in 3D, and visualize them in 3D
Summary
Soon after the discovery of x-rays, physicians recognized the importance of using imaging to guide interventional procedures. Image-guided procedures make use of computer-based systems to provide real-time three-dimensional (3D) information of the anatomy of the patient being treated. Since the development of Computed Tomography (CT) in the early 1970s, the availability of 3D anatomical information has revolutionized diagnostic radiology by providing physicians with 3D images of anatomical structures. The pace of development has continued with the development of 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron Emission Tomography (PET), and multi-slice and cone beam CT imaging. These imaging modalities have stimulated the development of a wide variety of image-guided interventional procedures. Advances in 3D US imaging technology have resulted in high quality 3D images of complex anatomical structures and pathology, which are used in diagnosis of disease and to guide interventional and surgical procedures [5,6,7,8,9]
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