3D Stereoscopic View in Neurosurgical Anatomy: Compilation of Basic Methods

Abstract

Stereoscopy has been demonstrated to be a useful method of education in the field of anatomy because it allows users to see, in a simulation, the anatomical structures in their actual volume and depth. Cadaveric specimens preserved under formaldehyde using the Thiel and Klinger techniques have been dissected and photographed in the medical school anatomy laboratory (University Miguel Hernández) for the past 10 years. The photographic material and technique required to capture and project stereoscopic photographs have been described in different fields of surgical neuroanatomy. We used the results from a survey completed by the participants of different training courses to evaluate the utility of the 3-dimensional (3D) method. A large database of photographs taken of different anatomical regions and approaches of neurosurgical interest was obtained. We have presented some examplesin the form of pairs of photographs in 2-dimensional (2D) format, with explanatory labels, paired with the corresponding 3D photograph in anaglyph format. The survey showed that the lectures that had included 3D photographs were significantly better accepted than the lectures with conventional 2D photographs. The teaching of basic, academic, and clinical neuroanatomy through the projection of stereoscopic photographs can be useful. The methods of image capture and stereoscopic projection in neuroanatomy, once combined with the necessary theoretical and practical knowledge, can be reproduced at other centers of neuroanatomyteaching.