Abstract
This research includes interpretation of the seismic attribute of 3D seismic data of Zubair Formation within Al-Akhadeir area southwestern Karbala to identify the structural and stratigraphic patterns and investigate the hydrocarbon accumulation by converting seismic data into the seismic attribute. The seismic attributes instantaneous phase, acoustic impedance and alterative automatic gain control were used. Application of the instantaneous phase reveals the mound configuration in addition to a flat spot which represents the seismic response of hydrocarbon-water contact, while shows lateral variation which reflects lateral facies variation in Zubair Formation. Faults, high stand tracts, low stand tracts were recognized indicating that Zubair facies are a clastic depositional system deposited in delta platform consisting of shallow-water, high energy marine (high stand tract). By acoustic impedance attributes indicate most likely, area of organic compound accumulation. Studying seismic attributes give evidence for the presence of hydrocarbon associated with phenomena such as mound, a flat spot within Zubair Formation.
Highlights
Seismic attributes are quantities derived from seismic data to allow the user to make unconventional interpretation in the investigation of the reservoir characterization (Coren et al, 2001; Chopra and Marfurt, 2005)
Seismic attributes improve the geological interpretation and subsurface image reflected by the seismic data (Taner, 2001; Chopra and Marfurt, 2005), these attributes could be applied on pre-stack such as amplitude versus offset (AVO) others applied on post stack seismic data (Brown, 2003)
Seismic attribute technique is helpful to the seismic section of the study area to see direct hydrocarbon indicator (DHI) of traps, it's valuable within the interpretation of the seismic area subsequent to changing over to the unstable attributes data, by use of the following: Instantaneous phase The instantaneous phase is a seismic attribute used to depiction of the phase angle at any moment along a trace independent of amplitude
Summary
Seismic attributes are quantities derived from seismic data to allow the user to make unconventional interpretation in the investigation of the reservoir characterization (Coren et al, 2001; Chopra and Marfurt, 2005). Seismic attributes improve the geological interpretation and subsurface image reflected by the seismic data (Taner, 2001; Chopra and Marfurt, 2005), these attributes could be applied on pre-stack such as amplitude versus offset (AVO) others applied on post stack seismic data (Brown, 2003). Seismic attributes can be measured by time, amplitude, frequency and attenuation or combinations of all these (Sarhan, 2017). Many studies concluded that seismic attributes are good tools to highlight seismic characteristic of interest
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