3D Scattering Channel Modeling for Microcell Communication Environments

Abstract

The development of realistic channel models that can efficiently and accurately describe a wireless propagation channel is a key research area. In this study, a generalized 3D scattering channel model for land mobile systems is proposed to simultaneously describe the angular arrival of multipath signals in the azimuth and elevation planes. The model considers a base station located at the center of a 3D semi-spheroid-shaped scattering region and an MS located within the region. Using this channel model, the authors first derive the closed-form expression for the joint and marginal probability density functions of the angle of arrival and time of arrival measured at the MS corresponding to the azimuth and elevation angles. Next, they derive an expression for the Doppler spectra distribution due to the motion of the MSs. Furthermore, they analyze the performance of MIMO antenna systems and their numerical results. The results show that the proposed 3D scattering channel model performs better compared with previously proposed 2D models for outdoor and indoor environments. They compare the results with previous scattering channel models and measurement results to validate the generalization of their model.