Abstract
Nowadays, optical sensors are used to digitize sculptural artworks by exploiting various contactless technologies. Cultural Heritage applications may concern 3D reconstructions of sculptural shapes distinguished by small details distributed over large surfaces. These applications require robust multi-view procedures based on aligning several high resolution 3D measurements. In this paper, the integration of a 3D structured light scanner and a stereo photogrammetric sensor is proposed with the aim of reliably reconstructing large free form artworks. The structured light scanner provides high resolution range maps captured from different views. The stereo photogrammetric sensor measures the spatial location of each view by tracking a marker frame integral to the optical scanner. This procedure allows the computation of the rotation-translation matrix to transpose the range maps from local view coordinate systems to a unique global reference system defined by the stereo photogrammetric sensor. The artwork reconstructions can be further augmented by referring metadata related to restoration processes. In this paper, a methodology has been developed to map metadata to 3D models by capturing spatial references using a passive stereo-photogrammetric sensor. The multi-sensor framework has been experienced through the 3D reconstruction of a Statue of Hope located at the English Cemetery in Florence. This sculptural artwork has been a severe test due to the non-cooperative environment and the complex shape features distributed over a large surface.
Highlights
Technological developments in 3D imaging have recently allowed innovative applications for conservation, reproduction, study and fruition of sculptural, architectural and archaeological artworks [1,2,3]
This paper aims at introducing a multi-sensor framework dedicated to the Cultural Heritage field
The method proposes the integration of two 3-D measurement sensors: a structured lighting scanner for high resolution measurement of range maps and a passive stereo photogrammetric sensor to track rigid motions of the scanner during multi-view processes
Summary
Technological developments in 3D imaging have recently allowed innovative applications for conservation, reproduction, study and fruition of sculptural, architectural and archaeological artworks [1,2,3]. Optical techniques allow the reconstruction of artwork shapes by aligning high resolution range maps captured from different views into a common reference system [5,6,7,8]. Some industrial proposals [15,16] have provided alignment procedures based on combining two imaging sensors, their extension to Cultural Heritage still requires further researches focused on in situ measurements of large sculptural artworks with small details. The multi-sensor framework effectively supports the creation of high-end Cultural Heritage models by combining automatic reconstructions of complex shapes with multiple data stored during historico-artistic and scientific activities. An active structured light scanner and a passive stereo photogrammetric system have been integrated in order to capture high resolution range maps and to track the measurement views within the working area, respectively. Different measuring volumes are obtained by setting the optical parameters of the sensors through a proper selection of the lenses and the mutual disposition of the imaging devices
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