Abstract
Currently, the number of approved veterinary medicines are limited, and human medications are used off-label. These approved human medications are of too high potencies for a cat or a small dog breed. Therefore, there is a dire demand for smaller doses of veterinary medicines. This study aims to investigate the use of three semi-solid extrusion 3D printers in a pharmacy or animal clinic setting for the extemporaneous manufacturing of prednisolone containing orodispersible films for veterinary use. Orodispersible films with adequate content uniformity and acceptance values as defined by the European Pharmacopoeia were produced with one of the studied printers, namely the Allevi 2 bioprinter. Smooth and flexible films with high mechanical strength, neutral pH, and low moisture content were produced with a high correlation between the prepared design and the obtained drug amount, indicating that the Allevi 2 printer could successfully be used to extemporaneously manufacture personalized doses for animals at the point-of-care.
Highlights
Veterinary drug treatment is often challenging due to size and body mass variations, as well as pharmacokinetic inter-species variability
This study aims to investigate the use of three semi-solid extrusion 3D printers in a pharmacy or animal clinic setting for the extemporaneous manufacturing of prednisolone containing orodispersible films for veterinary use
Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) LF exhibited problems dissolving into a smooth ink
Summary
Veterinary drug treatment is often challenging due to size and body mass variations, as well as pharmacokinetic inter-species variability. The availability of approved veterinary products is relatively small, leading to the need for extemporaneous manufacturing. There are several ways to define the practice of the extemporaneous preparation of medicines. Extemporaneous manufacturing is necessary when a therapy cannot be provided by commercially available products to a specific patient. Dosage forms that may be easier for a pet to tolerate and for an owner to administer can be provided, encouraging compliance. Mixing two or more approved drug products together into a single dosage form, changing the dosage form of an approved drug product, adding patient-preferred flavoring to an approved drug product, or preparing a dosage from bulk ingredients are all considered extemporaneous manufacturing [1]. Extemporaneous manufacturing generally takes place at pharmacies in accordance with the prescription provided by a licensed veterinarian
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