3D-printed model for preclinical training in oral and maxillofacial radiology

Abstract

<h3>Objective</h3> 3D printing is experiencing significant growth in the teaching and learning process. Therefore, this study aimed to present a 3D-printed skull model for preclinical intraoral radiographic practice. <h3>Study Design</h3> Two 3D-printed mannequins were created. The first was created using an STL file of a skull and was edited using two 3D modeling softwares (Meshmixer and Netfabb). The second mannequin was designed directly from segmentation of a patient's CBCT data and then converted into an STL file. Both mannequins were printed using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology and polylactic acid (PLA) filament. The printed skull bones were attached, and the mandible was articulated to the articular fossa of the temporal bone. The teeth were inserted into the alveoli. Intraoral radiographs of both mannequins were acquired using a digital sensor (Carestream RVG 5100). <h3>Results</h3> Both 3D-printed mannequins showed satisfactory radiographic appearance, allowing geometric representation of each intraoral radiographic projection, regardless of STL file origin. Anatomical structures, such as the periodontal ligament space, zygomatic process of the maxilla, and intermaxillary suture, were represented. The material cost of the printed prototype was $34.00. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The use of 3D-printed models is presented as an alternative to artificial commercial phantoms for the preclinical training of intraoral radiographic techniques, combining the radiographic projection's quality, the possibility of model manipulation, and an affordable price. <b>Statement of Ethical Review</b> Ethical review was sought and study was exempted from ethical review