Abstract
The aim of the paper is to design, manufacture, and test an off-axis composite profile of circular cross-section. Composite profile based on continuous carbon fibers reinforcing the onyx matrix, i.e., a matrix that consists of nylon and micro carbon fibers, was produced by fused deposition modeling (FDM) method. A buckling test of the six printed composite specimens was performed on a tensile test machine. The values of the experiment were compared with the values of the computational simulation using the Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis. The mean value of the experimentally determined critical force at which the composite profile failed was 3102 N, while the value of the critical force by FEM analysis was calculated to be 2879 N. Thus, reliability of the simulation to determine the critical force differed from the experimental procedure by only 7%. FEM analysis revealed that the primary failure of 3D printed composite parts was not due to loss of stability, but due to material failure. With great accuracy, the results of the comparison show that it is possible to predict the mechanical properties of 3D printed composite laminates on the basis of a theoretical model.
Highlights
Due to their excellent mechanical properties, such as high specific stiffness and strength, fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRP) are used in structural applications, mainly in the automotive industry, aerospace industry, or for the things in everyday life [1,2,3]
There is a growing interest in new processes based on additive production. 3D printing enables the production of complex geometries, faster production times, and the production of accurate and reproducible parts without the need to produce expensive molds [7,8]
The specific method of a particular material is governed by discretion, taking into account how the future product will be stressed during its use [46]
Summary
Due to their excellent mechanical properties, such as high specific stiffness and strength, fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRP) are used in structural applications, mainly in the automotive industry (luxury bodies, intake manifolds, interior and safety elements, and axles), aerospace industry (refractory parts, internal elements, and rotor blades), or for the things in everyday life (skis, tennis rackets, safety helmets, musical instruments, or outdoor items) [1,2,3]. A major disadvantage of conventional carbon fiber-reinforced composite (CFRP) production methods is the high acquisition costs, such as pultrusion lines or a winding machine. It is more suitable for large-series production and products with a constant cross-section [5,6]. The prints are light, durable, geometrically accurate, and, thanks to minimal material waste, 3D printing technology is environmentally friendly [9]
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