Abstract
In this study, AutoCAD based 3D Modelling of production scheduling, visualization of mining, and geological features in Khewra Salt Mines are showing. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), photogrammetry and GIS Softwares are used to generate 3D surface modelling of Khewra Salt Mining Area. Khewra Salt Mines is the oldest and largest mine of sub-continent in the Salt Range with huge salt reserves from industrial quality to piece grade. Being a state-of-the-art mine consisting of 17 levels, 70 chambers with hundreds of tunnels, a layman pattern of development and manual mining procedure is followed with handy-made planes and maps. Hundreds of levels and cross-section maps were unified to a single 3D Model, presenting all mining features like tunnels, chambers, levels, inclines, and geological deposition of different salt seams with their thickness and qualities, overburden, and surface feature. The quantity of salt excavated since the beginning of mining is calculated for corroboration, and the remaining amounts of different qualities of salt are determined from the model. 3D topographic Modelling can also be used for area, volume calculations, and planning of remedial actions for rainwater inundations inside the mine.
Highlights
The objective of the research study is to digitalize the resources through AutoCAD software, develop geological Model from existing maps and generate 3D object file of Khewra Salt Mining area using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), photogrammetry and GIS Software for production scheduling as per market demands
Tunnels of Khewra Salt Mines are driven in the WestEast direction while chambers are driven in the North-South direction
Production schedules for various working faces are prepared for planning and monitoring of weekly, monthly and annual progress
Summary
Meter thick beds of dolomite, dull red marl beds with some salt layers, and gypsum 10 meters. Khewra Salt Mines, operating by Pakistan Mineral Development Corporation, is the oldest in the subcontinent in the mineral-rich mountain range called the Salt Range [1], as shown in figure 1 The lithology of this region belongs to the Pre-Cambrian age, comprising of Sahwal Marl Member, Bhandar Kas Gypsum Member, and Billianwala Salt Member [2]. Malik first measured the salt resources of the entire leased Khewra Main Mine area, as given in table 1 [9]. Asrarullah in his Report measured salt reserves by considering each salt seam separately in each chamber [10]. The extension of chambers in the North-South direction has been divided into blocks of 100 meter having 0 meters Northing in the extreme South of the Mines that increases gradually towards the north
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