Abstract
Abstract. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a method for the digital collaborative design, construction and operation of buildings. However, in order to realize a complete view on needed work and expenses of a building, the surrounding landscape elements must be considered as well. Within this paper, the BIM authoring tool Autodesk Revit and the open BIM data model and exchange format Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) has been investigated for its capability to represent landscape elements like a terrain model, retaining walls, and ways. Therefore, a feasibility study has been carried out including the surveying of real-world landscape objects like terrain, buildings, ways and paths, playgrounds, and retaining walls, in order to use actual existing objects instead of idealized, theoretical elements. The aim was to develop and evaluate a workflow from the surveying over the modeling in BIM-able software to the export of an IFC data file. Therefore, the general modeling concepts of BIM and their suitability and limitations for representing landscape elements has been investigated. Experiences made within the project are discussed and first solutions and concepts are recommended. In addition, this paper reports from the buildingSmart International working group “Site, Landscape, and Urban Planning”, their current work and future goals, in order to extend IFC for landscape objects. Additionally, a concept for level of information need referring to landscape elements is shown.
Highlights
In order to investigate modeling real landscape objects within Building Information Modeling (BIM), a feasibility study has been carried out in 2017
3.3.1 Terrain Modeling: The topography at the project site in the Saxon Switzerland is quite changing in height, which shows the limits in modeling the terrain using the BIM software Revit
In analogy with (ACE 2019) we propose a Level of Reliability (LOR) to consider the data quality of exterior objects in terms of reliability for the as-is model, and planned landscape model to state whether the exterior object is for visualisation only or are result of a carefully undertaken planning process by landscape architects:
Summary
"Building Information Modeling" (BIM) is more than just a technological improvement; it is a technological, organizational and cultural paradigm shift. The current governmental initiative "Digital Planning and Building 4.0" in Germany forces the usage of digital models, so-called virtual clones of the planned structures including a common data environment (CDE), instead of using Computer Aided Design (CAD)-based drawings with unmanaged documents Such an information model has to be created, managed and maintained and used during the entire lifecycle of the building, from the design phase through the planning and construction phase to the operation phase. According to OUELLETTE (2018), “Landscape Architecture and Open Space Planning have so far played small roles in the digitization of the German construction industry” Reasons for this might be the missing demand for landscape objects in building or infrastructure projects so far, missing tools to generate welldefined landscapes or exterior objects in the BIM environment, and missing standards and definitions. The aim of this paper was to investigate the suitability and limitations of general modeling concepts of BIM in relation to landscape elements The last chapter summarizes the first project findings and results and provides information on future work
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