Abstract
This research proposes a 3D internal visualization using ultrasonic pulse-echo tomography technique to evaluate accurately the state of concrete structures for their efficient maintenance within a limited budget. Synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) is used as a post-processing algorithm to manipulate the data measured by the ultrasonic pulse-echo technique. Multifaceted measurements improve the weakness of the existing ultrasonic pulse-echo tomography technique that cannot identify the area beyond a reflector as well as the area located far away from measuring surfaces. The application of apodization factor, pulse peak delay calibration and elimination of trivial response not only complements the weaknesses of the SAFT algorithm but also improves the accuracy of the SAFT algorithm. The results show that the proposed method reduces the unnecessary surface noise and improves the expressiveness of the reflector’s boundaries on the resulting images. It is expected that the proposed 3D internal visualization technique will provide a useful non-destructive evaluation tool in combination with another structure evaluation method.
Highlights
Multifaceted Data for UltrasonicDespite the crucial role played by infrastructure in providing the nation’s essential services and maintaining its economic activities [1], the American Society of Civil Engineers gave a D+ grade to the infrastructure of the US in 2017 and estimated the cost for its improvement to USD 4.5 trillion by 2026 [2]
A1040 MIRA is one of the popular ultrasonic pulse-echo tomography devices providing a sectional image of concrete structures [8,9,10]
The MIRA device consists of an array of ultrasonic transducers, which measure multiple ultrasonic pulse-echo signals with a single scan and calculate a cross-sectional image of a target using an embedded image reconstruction algorithm called to Synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT)-C algorithm [11]
Summary
Multifaceted Data for UltrasonicDespite the crucial role played by infrastructure in providing the nation’s essential services and maintaining its economic activities [1], the American Society of Civil Engineers gave a D+ grade to the infrastructure of the US in 2017 and estimated the cost for its improvement to USD 4.5 trillion by 2026 [2]. There is an urgent need for innovative technologies and processes to inspect and evaluate the conditions of the infrastructure more effectively and efficiently with less monetary resources [4]. Ultrasonic pulse-echo tomography is a non-destructive structural inspection technique that makes it possible to evaluate and visualize the inside of concrete structures precisely [5,6,7]. A1040 MIRA is one of the popular ultrasonic pulse-echo tomography devices providing a sectional image of concrete structures [8,9,10]. The MIRA device consists of an array of ultrasonic transducers, which measure multiple ultrasonic pulse-echo signals with a single scan and calculate a cross-sectional image of a target using an embedded image reconstruction algorithm called to SAFT-C algorithm [11]. A frequency-domain SAFT algorithm, such as the wavenumber [13] and migration algorithm [14], which manipulate the Fast
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