Abstract
Hydraulic structures are often complex and in many cases their designs require attention so that the flow behavior around hydraulic structures and their influence on the environment can be predicted accurately. Currently, more efficient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes can solve the Navier–Stokes equations in three-dimensions and free surface computation in a significantly improved manner. CFD has evolved into a powerful tool in simulating fluid flows. In addition, CFD with its advantages of lower cost and greater flexibility can reasonably predict the mean characteristics of flows such as velocity distributions, pressure distributions, and water surface profiles of complex problems in hydraulic engineering. In Ethiopia, Tendaho Dam Spillway was constructed recently, and one flood passed over the spillway. Although the flood was below the designed capacity, there was an overflow due to superelevation at the bend. Therefore, design of complex hydraulic structures using the state-of- art of 3D hydrodynamic modelling enhances the safety of the structures. 3D hydrodynamic modelling was used to verify the safety of the spillway using designed data and the result showed that the constructed hydraulic section is not safe unless it is modified.
Highlights
Water is the world’s most important natural resource; it is estimated that by 2030, the world is projected to face a 40% global water deficit
The spillway was designed based on Indian Standards [3,4,5] which is similar to U.S Bureau of Reclamation (USBR)
The comparison of the results showed that the numerical solution can predict well the existing parameters in the hydraulic jump, such as the velocity and water surface profile across and along the spillway channel
Summary
Water is the world’s most important natural resource; it is estimated that by 2030, the world is projected to face a 40% global water deficit. Research development and modern technology enhances and provide an improved and optimized hydraulic structures for water resource projects worldwide [1]. In Ethiopia, large-scale water resources development is at its beginning stage. Tendaho dam and appurtenant structures were designed and constructed in 2008 in Ethiopia. Tendaho Dam spillway structure comprises an approach channel leading the water to the control structure, a control structure, and an inclined chute terminating into a stilling basin. A dentated sill is provided at the end of stilling basin to facilitate formation of the hydraulic jump for a large range of discharge passing over the control structure. After the dissipation of energy in the stilling basin, the flow will be conveyed back to the river through an outlet channel (downstream discharge channel). Just downstream of the bend, the downstream discharge channel crosses over the main canal at chainage (ch) 0 + 390 m
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