Abstract
Liver-associated diseases and tissue engineering approaches based on in vitro culture of functional Primary human hepatocytes (PHH) had been restricted by the rapid de-differentiation in 2D culture conditions which restricted their usability. It was proven that cells growing in 3D format can better mimic the in vivo microenvironment, and thus help in maintaining metabolic activity, phenotypic properties, and longevity of the in vitro cultures. Again, the culture method and type of cell population are also recognized as important parameters for functional maintenance of primary hepatocytes. Hepatic organoids formed by self-assembly of hepatic cells are microtissues, and were able to show long-term in vitro maintenance of hepato-specific characteristics. Thus, hepatic organoids were recognized as an effective tool for screening potential cures and modeling liver diseases effectively. The current review summarizes the importance of 3D hepatic organoid culture over other conventional 2D and 3D culture models and its applicability in Liver tissue engineering.
Highlights
The liver, accounting for 2–5% of the total body weight, is the largest internal organ present in the human body
C), or physical injury occasionally led to hepatic fibrosis and if remain untreated may lead to cirrhosis which is responsible for 1 million death worldwide per year [1]
The present review will focus on current progress in hepatic organoid-based liver tissue engineering for application in in vivo mimicking modeling of liver diseases, screening potential drug libraries, and other recent developments in tissue engineering approaches to achieve the goals of 3R, i.e., Replace, Reduce, and Refine
Summary
The liver, accounting for 2–5% of the total body weight, is the largest internal organ present in the human body. Hepatocytes (HEPs) are the major parenchymal cells present in the liver and constitute 70% of the total liver cell population whereas hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), Kupffer cells, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells constitute the major non-parenchymal cell population. Damage to these cells by various means including drug toxicity, alcohol abuse, viral infection The present review will focus on current progress in hepatic organoid-based liver tissue engineering for application in in vivo mimicking modeling of liver diseases, screening potential drug libraries, and other recent developments in tissue engineering approaches to achieve the goals of 3R, i.e., Replace, Reduce, and Refine
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