3D Graphene-Nitrogen Doped Carbon Nanotubes Network Modified Electrode as Sensing Materials for the Determination of Urapidil.

Yanju Wu,Anxing Zhou,Huimin Yang,Fei Wang,Kui Lu

doi:10.3390/ma11020322

Abstract

In this work, a three dimensional (3D) graphene-nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (G-NCNTs) network was successfully fabricated on the surface of a glassy carbon (GC) electrode using the pulse potential method (PPM) in a graphene oxide-nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (GO-NCNTs) dispersion. The morphological and characteristics of GO-NCNTs and G-NCNTs nanocomposites were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-vis spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical experiments. The 3DG-NCNTs network was applied as a new voltammetric material for the fabrication of an electrochemical platform for determination of urapidil. Systematic electrochemical tests demonstrate that the 3DG-NCNTs network modified GC electrode can effectively increase the response to the oxidation of urapidil. Under the optimum conditions, the electrochemical response was linear with urapidil concentrations in the range of 1.0 × 10−8~2.0 × 10−6 mol·L−1, while a low detection limit of 5.0 × 10−9 mol·L−1 was obtained for urapidil. Moreover, the proposed sensing platform exhibited good results for sensitivity, reproducibility, selectivity, and stability, which makes it very suitable for use as an ideal inexpensive and rapid analytical method applicable for complex drug matrices.

Highlights

Urapidil is a phenyl piperazine substituted uracil derivative and its structure is shown in Scheme 1.Because of its characteristic to induce blood vessel dilation with few serious side effects, it is very suitable to treat severe hypertension and hypertensive crisis for the elderly [1,2]
UV-vis and flow-injection chemiluminescence [3,4] was first employed, but it suffered from low detection limit and narrow linear range
We present a simple yet effective way to fabricate the 3D graphene-nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (3DG-nitrogen-doped CNTs (NCNTs)) network modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode using the pulse carbon nanotubes (3DG-NCNTs) network modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode using the pulse potential method (PPM)

Summary

Introduction

Urapidil is a phenyl piperazine substituted uracil derivative and its structure is shown in Scheme 1.Because of its characteristic to induce blood vessel dilation with few serious side effects, it is very suitable to treat severe hypertension and hypertensive crisis for the elderly [1,2]. Several analytical methods, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [5], liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) [6,7], capillary electrophoresis (CE) [8], and atomic absorption spectrometery (AAS) [9], have been proposed for determination of urapidil. These methods have some advantages of accuracy and sensitivity, they require tedious pretreatment procedures, or complicated pre-separation processes, at high cost. It is very interesting and important to develop a rapid, simple, sensitive, and reliable analytical method for urapidil

Methods

Results

Conclusion